Should Computer Scientists Experiment More Essay

Should Computer Scientists Experiment More - Essay Example The article additionally expresses that experimentations can likewise be useful to PC researchers in the event that they have to comprehend different models relevant in the frameworks. In such manner, PC researchers feel that experimentations in their calling don't include esteem, yet is tedious and costly2. Despite what might be expected, I think tests are appropriate for PC researchers since it causes them to find new patterns in their calling. This is on the grounds that investigations don't need to be in the labs or composed settings, however can occur in classes or workshops3. For example, before the presentation of new programming, PC researchers can display programs for preliminary premise. I additionally figure analyses can be helpful on the grounds that software engineering requires critical thinking procedures. Thinking about this, tests improve one’s capacity to deal with troublesome circumstances that may exist while working a PC application. The article is one-sided and doesn't offer the real reasons why PC researchers ignore analyzes in their

Soil Properties Practical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Soil Properties Practical - Essay Example There are extraordinary and assorted qualities of soil; (1) Particle Size, (2) Bulk Density, (3) Consistence, (4) Texture and (5) Water-holding Capacity. This lab will pack in deciding 4 distinct kinds of strong from the 4 examples gave utilizing the mechanical investigation method. This procedure is established on the idea that various sizes of soil particles drop out of suspension at various paces. Mechanical examination of the surface of soil puts a blend of soil and water in a glass chamber which is shaken to where suspension particles show up. These suspension particles bit by bit settle to the base of the chamber once positioned on a level surface and is undisturbed. As per Stokes Law, various sizes of particles drop out of suspension at various velocities. These rates are obviously characterized by this law. This law on a very basic level expresses that bigger particles will in general settle quicker out of suspension instead of littler particles. In this way, because of the way that sand particles are bigger than earth or residue, they will in general structure a particular layer at the base once its settles out of suspension. This strategy utilizes a hydrometer. Stage 3: Added 5 ml of a weaken Calgon arrangement. The Calgon was to help scatter the dirt particles with the goal that they would fall autonomously of one another. This is vital on the grounds that this is a principal supposition of Stokes law. Stage 4: Filled the blender cup with refined water so the highest point of the suspension is around 10 cm from the top. Set the top on the blender and mix for around 5 minutes. This progression is intended to completely scatter the dirt particles. Stage 7: Placed an elastic plug over the finish of the chamber and re-suspended the blend by turning the chamber start to finish a few times vivaciously. At that point set the chamber down and recorded the specific time (to the second). Stage 8: Immediately in the wake of putting the chamber down, deliberately embedded the hydrometer into

Who Was the Wolf Man (Sergei Pankejeff)

Who Was the Wolf Man (Sergei Pankejeff) History and Biographies Print Sergei Pankejeff: Who Was the Wolf Man? The Wolf Man, a.k.a. Sergei Pankejeff, Was One of Freuds Most Famous Patients By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 22, 2019 Getty Images More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming Pankejeff was a patient of Sigmund Freud who gave him the case name Wolf Man to protect his identity. Pankejeff was born to a wealthy family from St. Petersburg. In 1906, his older sister Anna committed suicide and Pankejeff began experiencing symptoms of depression. In 1907, his father also committed suicide by overdosing on sleeping pills. Soon after, Pankejeff began seeking treatment for his own depression. In 1910, Pankejeff went to Vienna to be treated by Freud. The first description of the case was published in 1918 under the title From the History of an Infantile Neurosis. Much of Freuds analysis centered on a dream that Pankejeff had as a young child: I dreamt that it was night and that I was lying in bed. (My bed stood with its foot towards the window; in front of the window there was a row of old walnut trees. I know it was winter when I had the dream, and night-time.) Suddenly the window opened of its own accord, and I was terrified to see that some white wolves were sitting on the big walnut tree in front of the window. There were six or seven of them. The wolves were quite white, and looked more like foxes or sheep-dogs, for they had big tails like foxes and they had their ears pricked like dogs when they pay attention to something. In great terror, evidently of being eaten up by the wolves, I screamed and woke up. My nurse hurried to my bed, to see what had happened to me. It took quite a long while before I was convinced that it had only been a dream; I had had such a clear and life-like picture of the window opening and the wolves sitting on the tree. At last I grew quieter, felt as though I had escaped from some danger, and went to sleep again   Freuds Analysis of the Wolf Man Freud believed that the dream was the result of Pankejeff having witnessed his parents having sex. The case of the Wolf Man played an important role in Freuds development of his theory of psychosexual development. Freuds Stages of Psychosexual Development After a year of treatment, Freud declared Pankejeff cured and the man returned to Russia. Despite Freuds assessment that the problem had been resolved, Pankejeff continued to seek psychoanalysis, often from followers of Freud, until his death in 1979. Pankejeffs assessment of the success of his treatment was far less optimistic than Freuds. Prior to his death, he was interviewed by an Australian journalist and said, the whole thing looks like a catastrophe. I am in the same state as when I came to Freud, and Freud is no more. Criticism of Freuds Analysis Psychologist and science writer Daniel Goleman criticized Freuds analysis and treatment of Pankejeff in The New York Times, writing: Freuds key intervention with the Wolf Man rested on a nightmare in which he was lying in bed and saw some white wolves sitting on a tree in front of the open window. Freud deduced that the dream symbolized a trauma: that the Wolf Man, as a toddler, had witnessed his parents having intercourse. Freuds version of the supposed trauma was contradicted by the Wolf Man himself, Sergej Pankejeff. In an interview with Karin Obholzer, a journalist who tracked him down in Vienna in the 1970s, he explained that he saw Freuds interpretation of his dream as terribly far-fetched. Obholzer also reported that Pankejeff believed that The whole thing is improbable, since in families of his milieu young children slept in their nannys bedroom, not with their parents. As for Freud curing him, Pankejeff refuted the claim saying that he resented being propaganda and a showpiece for psychoanalysis. That was the theory, that Freud had cured me 100 percent. However, Its all false. An Overview of Freuds Interpretation of Dreams

School Anti Bullying Programs Are Not Effective Enough At...

Bullying is the unwanted aggressive discrimination that mostly happens in middle school. Children who get bullied are always bullied because of race, religion, physical disability or sexual orientation. Bullies mostly are children who are being abused at home or they are delinquent. School anti-bullying programs are getting expensive and schools are backing out. Some programs deliver the wrong idea for children. Most anti-bullying school programs are refusing to protect LGBT students who get bullied, and they are the highest range of students who get bullied in the US nowadays. Even with the No Child Left Behind law has passed, anti-bullying school programs still refuse to protect those students. School anti-bullying programs are not effective enough at preventing bullying. With all the supplies the schools need to stop bullying, anti-bullying programs are getting overpriced. So a lot of schools do not have anti-bullying programs because they can’t afford it. â€Å"But solutions can be costly. After the Anti-Bullying Bill of Rights went into effect, 88 percent of school business administrators who responded to the School Boards Association survey said their districts were spending more money because of the rules†( Amanda Oglesby). After the Anti-Bullying Bill Of Rights was passed schools in New Jersey were forced to have anti-bullying programs but they spend a lot of money on it. This makes it seem that anti-bullying programs are not there to stop bullying but to have the moneyShow MoreRelatedAnti Bullying Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesEnhanced Anti-Bullying Laws and School Programs Lisa Aparicio Saint Joseph’s College The Need for Enhanced Anti-Bullying Laws and School Programs Bullying was traditionally considered rites of passage, something all children and youth must go through. This is a myth. 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Naturally, as the sophomore, junior, and senior classes matriculate through the school, they will be indirectly affected by the program and expected to hold true to the lessons and values taught in the anti-bullying curricula during their

IRS Response to Audited Taxpayers Just too Slow GAO

The IRS now conducts most of its taxpayer audits by mail. That’s the good news. The bad news, reports the Government Accountability Office (GAO) is that the IRS misleads audited taxpayers by providing them with wildly unrealistic time frames on when it will respond to their correspondence. According to the GAO’s investigation, audit notices promise taxpayers that the IRS will respond to correspondence from them within â€Å"30 to 45 days,† when in reality it consistently takes the IRS â€Å"several months† to respond. Delays like that merely worsen the IRS’s rapidly falling public image and trust, while doing nothing to close the nation’s tax gap, which drives up taxes for all Americans. Also See: IRS Help From the U.S. Taxpayer Advocate Service The GAO found that as of early 2014, IRS data showed that it had failed to respond within its promised 30 to 45 days to more than half of correspondence from audited taxpayers. Many times, refunds are not issued until the audit is completed. Causes Calls They Just Can’t Answer When interviewed by GAO investigators, IRS tax examiners said the delayed responses resulted in â€Å"taxpayer frustration† and a raft of â€Å"unnecessary† calls to the IRS from taxpayers. Even more bothersome, the tax examiners who answer those so-called unnecessary calls said they could not answer the taxpayers, because they actually had no idea when the IRS would respond to their letters. â€Å"The taxpayers cannot understand why IRS would send a letter out with such unrealistic time frames and there is no acceptable way we can explain it to them,† one tax examiner told GAO. â€Å"That is why they are so frustrated. It puts us in a very awkward and embarrassing situation†¦. I try to gain control of the situation and tell the taxpayer I understand the frustration so that he will calm down so we can make the phone call productive, but this takes time and wastes time for both the taxpayer and me.† GAO’s Questions the IRS Could Not Answer The IRS shifted from its old face-to-face, sit-and-suffer audits to mail-based audits in 2012 with implementation of its Correspondence Examination Assessment Project (CEAP) claiming it would reduce taxpayer burden. Two years later, the GAO found that the IRS has no information showing how or if the CEAP program had affected taxpayer burden, tax collection compliance or its own costs of conducting the audits. â€Å"Thus,† reported the GAO, â€Å"it is not possible to tell whether the program is performing better or worse from one year to the next.† Also See: 5 Tips for Faster Tax Refunds In addition, the GAO found that the IRS had developed no guidelines on how its managers should use the CEAP program to make decisions. â€Å"For example, IRS did not track data on the number of times a taxpayer called IRS or sent documents,† reported the GAO. â€Å"Using incomplete information limits insights on the additional revenues identified from IRSs audit investments and on how much burden the audits impose on the taxpayers.† IRS is Working On It, But According to the GAO, the IRS created the CEAP program based on five problem areas it had identified involving communications with taxpayers, the audit process, expedited audit resolution, resource alignment, and program metrics. Even now, CEAP project managers have 19 program improvement efforts either finished or underway. However, the GAO found that the IRS has yet to define or track the intended benefits of its program improvement efforts. â€Å"As a result,† said the GAO, â€Å"it will be difficult to determine whether the efforts successfully addressed the problems.† A third-party consultant hired by the IRS to study the CEAP program recommended that IRS create a â€Å"tool† for better balancing program resources between handling calls from audited taxpayers and responding to correspondence from them. Also See: IRS At Last Adopts a Taxpayer Bill of Rights According to the GAO, IRS officials said that while they would â€Å"consider† the recommendations, they had no plans for how or when. â€Å"Thus, it will be difficult to hold IRS managers accountable for ensuring that the recommendations are completed in a timely manner,† stated the GAO.

The European Energy Market Free Essays

European Energy Market Q1) 1. Economic benefits would be that the consumers would have freedom to choose their energy providers and probably could lower the costs. The variety of producers will improve the quality of their service. We will write a custom essay sample on The European Energy Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now Energy providers can improve efficiency through competition which will also reduce prices. Larger utilities should be another result, which will allow them to compete more effectively. 2. I believe both the consumers and businesses would gain from liberalization: Customers should have more choices of energy providers which would increase the likelihood they would have to pay less for their energy and the energy companies could also buy energy from the cheapest source. Q2 Implications: Will replace the markets of its 27 member states with a single market for electricity and gas for the entire continent. It permits the biggest energy groups to acquire other smaller energy firms in the continent. Hill 2012) Changes in environment after liberalization: There are a lot of acquisitions and mergers in the energy markets. Fights between governments protecting their firms and the biggest groups which want to acquire them are a probability. Bigger firms will try to acquire firms in local country. Actions: Government would have to impose conditions to stop foreign companies from acquiring local companies, with the local authorities trying to protect the advantages of the local c ompanies. Q3) Why is the de-integration of large energy companies seen as such an important part of any attempt to liberalize the EU energy market? The biggest energy groups are national and they have monopoly. The de-integration of the biggest companies will encourage the smallest companies to be more active and promotes fairness in the market and makes energy firms more equal. It would also permit the introduction of new providers on the energy market. So, competition between them would increase the†¦ How to cite The European Energy Market, Papers

School Reforms free essay sample

An analysis of whether education reform in Americas urban schools have been effective or not. This paper presents a detailed examination of education reform with the focus being placed on inner city schools. The writer explores many articles in the quest to determine whether or not the reform efforts in the inner city schools have been successful. The writer argues that while intentions may have been good the reform has not worked and will not work until there are also inner city community reforms as well. For several decades the American public has been demanding changes in the public education system. The children in inner city schools have come under fire for years as being treated as the redheaded stepchild of the education system. Inner city schools have long since been accepted as substandard compared to other schools in funding, equipment, technology and other areas. These deficits have caused the inner city students to fall behind academically from their rural peers. We will write a custom essay sample on School Reforms or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The public and many government agencies have demanded education reform as well. Education reform has targeted many aspects of the nations educational system to try and improve delivery as well as results. The reform measures for the American public education system have targeted the inner city schools as well as the others. Inner city schools have recently come under public scrutiny because of the obvious and blatant deficits that they are enduring regarding things like computers, textbook availability and other matters.

The Assyrian Empire vs, The Phoenician Empire Essay Example

The Assyrian Empire vs, The Phoenician Empire Essay Example The Assyrian Empire vs, The Phoenician Empire Paper The Assyrian Empire vs, The Phoenician Empire Paper The Assyrian Empire vs, The Phoenician Empire Within the Assyrian and the Phoenician Empires there was truly a contrast in their institutions, goals and values. While the Phoenicians conducted a society based on trade and religion, the Assyrians mainly focused on expansion and control. Moreover, both empires had their strengths and weakness within their respected societies. During this time period the Phoenician and Assyrian empires differed in Just about every aspect of society. While the Assyrians were an absolute ambitions empire that sought out territorial expansion and control of trade route and cities, the Phoenicians made no attempt to build a territorial empire and focused more on the creation of trade routes and ports. Also, the Assyrian empire tok much interest in huge labor forces for agricultural work and building projects, while the Phoenicians also put more work towards the innovation of ship building and seafaring, rather than building projects and agriculture. These two empires also had an absolute contrast when it came to their goals and values. Within the Assyrian empire, there were massive armies that were well trained and ruthlessly disciplined. This not only reveals how much the Assyrian relied on onquering land but it also shows how much they valued their military. On the contrary, the Phoenicians were more of a social empire that political, much like the mesopotamians; the Phoenicians saw religion as very important along with laws, science and writing. This goes on to show that the Phoenicians valued the human ming and spirit. In addition, the Assyrian empire created a cruel propaganda machine to support and Justify their system of expansion and inequality. Therefore showing how much the Assyrians truly valued their interest in expansion if they were illing to lie to their people to make it alright. In contrast, the Phoenicians saw no point in seeking to lie to their people to make it alright. In contrast the Phoenicians saw no point in seeking out new territories mostly because their coastal cities made them ideally situated to develop trade in the Mediterranean, which does to show that the sea and trade was a way of life for the Phoenicians. Also, the Assyrians has a rigid social structure that was not only made of mostly peasants but it also left women without any control of their own lives, which provides the thought that most people ithin the Assyrian empire were seen with no value at all. With that said, Phoenicians were more of a society based off religion and would even conduct sacrifices for their gods and at times children would also be sacrificed, which truly shows how much the Phoenicians valued their gods and religion. Moreover, the Assyrians and Phoenicians had completely opposite views of how to work a civilization. The Assyrians and Phoenicians definitely had different ways of conducting a made do with what they had. In Conclusion, These two Societies truly differed when it came to their institutions, goals and values.

The Difference Between Appositives and Descriptions

The Difference Between Appositives and Descriptions The Difference Between Appositives and Descriptions The Difference Between Appositives and Descriptions By Mark Nichol It is important for writers to distinguish between appositives and mere descriptions. A noun is said to be in apposition when it is set off from another noun that refers to the same idea. The phrase â€Å"set off† is significant, because a pair of commas separate the parenthetical apposition from its referent noun by a pair of commas. A description, however, needs no such bracketing. For example, take a look at this sentence: â€Å"Here’s what the CEO of Chrysler Sergio Marchionne said to his employees in a blog post.† â€Å"The CEO of Chrysler† and â€Å"Sergio Marchionne† are one and the same appositive so one or the other needs to be framed by commas. This can be accomplished in one of several ways: â€Å"Here’s what the CEO of Chrysler, Sergio Marchionne, said to his employees in a blog post.† â€Å"Here’s what Sergio Marchionne, (the) CEO of Chrysler, said to his employees in a blog post.† (The optional the is often omitted in journalistic contexts and retained in more formal writing.) â€Å"Here’s what Sergio Marchionne, Chrysler’s CEO, said to his employees in a blog post.† (This is a less formal variant of the previous two options.) A description, meanwhile, such as the job title in this case, is followed directly by the name without intervening punctuation, and no comma should follow the name, either: â€Å"Here’s what Chrysler CEO Sergio Marchionne said to his employees in a blog post.† The first sentence in each of the following pairs appeared in a printed or online publication with commas framing the name as if it was an appositive an error, and a distressingly common one. But notice below the differences between the statements labeled â€Å"Description† and the ones marked as â€Å"Apposition.† In a description, both the descriptive phrase and the name it applies to are essential; without either one, the sentence is incomplete. However, an apposition, being parenthetical, can be omitted without altering the integrity of the sentence. Description: â€Å"Ex-reservist and current war gamer Mike Brown admits his battle tactics may be a bit too aggressive for a real-life situation.† Apposition: â€Å"Mike Brown, an ex-reservist and current war gamer, admits his battle tactics may be a bit too aggressive for a real-life situation.† Description: â€Å"Kitchen queen Nigella Lawson comes to town, shops, chops, cooks, and raves about our produce.† Apposition: â€Å"Nigella Lawson, the kitchen queen, comes to town, shops, chops, cooks, and raves about our produce.† Description: â€Å"Conservative radio jock Michael Savage gets his own TV show.† Apposition: â€Å"A conservative radio jock, Michael Savage, gets his own TV show.† (The person’s name can come first, as in the previous examples, without a change in meaning, though the focus changes.) Description: â€Å"The San Francisco–based schooner C.A. Thayer begins a $9.6 million overhaul.† Apposition: â€Å"The C.A. Thayer, a San Francisco–based schooner, begins a $9.6 million overhaul.† (If the schooner has already been referenced generically, the sentence should read something like this: â€Å"The San Francisco–based schooner, the C.A. Thayer, begins a $9.6 million overhaul.†) Description: â€Å"The Emeryville studio Pixar hopes to cash in on its fish flick.† Apposition: â€Å"The Emeryville studio, Pixar, hopes to cash in on its fish flick.† (If two or more studios, each located in a different city, were previously mentioned, this sentence is correct. Otherwise, something like â€Å"Pixar, the Emeryville studio, hopes to cash in on its fish flick† would be appropriate.) Description: â€Å"Bryan Young is editor of the blog Big Shiny Robot.† Apposition: â€Å"Bryan Young is editor of the blog, Big Shiny Robot.† (The comma is necessary to indicate that the blog was already mentioned, but not by name. If not, the comma signals, fallaciously, that Big Shiny Robot is the only blog in existence.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Idioms About NumbersCapitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsPrepositions to Die With

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 21

Business Ethics - Essay Example To that effect, the image of Shell has been falling down worldwide. In order for Shell to counter this negative publicity that has tarnished its image, it should operate in an ethical manner. It should adopt the utilitarian view of ethics whose goal is to provide the greatest good for the greatest number. The Ogoni people in this case constitute the greatest number of people who have been negatively affected by the operations of Shell so they deserve to get better treatment from this company. The management of Shell should also ensure that their actions do not violate the rights of the local people such as the right to live in a clean and safe environment. It has been observed that the company’s failure to uphold ethical principles has impacted negatively on its operations. Therefore, the company’s goals and objectives should be shaped by different ethical principles in order to fulfill the interests of the stakeholders who may be affected by its operations. 2. There are various implications to Shell and its stakeholders (Interest of conflict between the foreign owners and the local citizens) that need to be considered in order for it to operate ethically. Whilst Shell may argue that it is primarily concerned with generating profits that would benefit the stakeholders, there is a conflict of interest where it can be observed that its actions negatively impact on the local communities. In order to operate ethically, Shell should try to create a fine balance between its profit needs as well as fulfilling the needs and interests of the members of the local community. Enlightened companies encourage their managers to be socially responsible and try to seek ways to protect the long run interests of their stakeholders and the environment (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). Essentially, all companies operate within a certain environment and it is their obligation to protect that same environment. In case of Shell, it

Strategic Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Strategic Management - Research Paper Example The eight main areas of distinction i.e. business cards, meetings, relationships, communications, gifts and meals, friendship, time consciousness, and business dress code. The main aim here is to gain some awareness and understanding of differences in culture across countries. Based on the table below, it can be concluded that each culture is very different and it is important to understand the basic etiquettes of each culture to avoid embarrassment or also offending the people. Indians pay a lot of importance to the business cards. It is important to read the business card before keeping it in. Also, it is important to give as well as receive the card in the right hand. Left hand is considered to be offensive for most. Japanese give a lot of importance to the business cards and the more visiting cards a person has during the trip the better it is. The business cards need to be specially printed on a double side. The card should be presented with the Japanese version facing upwards. While presenting the business cards to Japanese counter parts, it is essential to not that throwing, sliding, flicking, pushing or lobbing is not acceptable. French pay attention to business cards but are not very particular. Translating the business card to French is often appreciated and considered to be attention to detail. Academic qualifications are a must on the business cards. The business cards of the French tend to be a little larger than the other countries. Proper handshake is a must and in a lot of cases tends to give away the firm handshake, and should be standing while handshake. Americans are very particular of being ‘Politically correct’ at all times. Meetings in India are relatively simple. A major point to be remembered is to keep a respectable distance between men and women. Also, it is not well received by a majority

Synthesising Benzocaine via Reflux with a Condenser

Synthesising Benzocaine via Reflux with a Condenser Synthesis and characterisation of benzocaine experiment practical report Aim: The experiment was to synthesise benzocaine via reflux with a condenser and was characterised by examining at the infra-red spectrum and chemical shifts of NMR. Introduction: Benzocaine belongs to a collection of medication identified as local anaesthetics and generally consumed as a topical pain reliever. Its mechanism of action is to prevent nerve conduction when applied locally in appropriate concentration to nerve tissues. The main benefit of local anaesthetics is that it does not cause unconsciousness to the patient and its action could be reversible. The use of local anaesthetics presents complete tissue recovery with no permanent damage. The intention of the experiment was to synthesise benzocaine, an ester, from 4-aminobenzoic acid, a carboxylic acid, by Fischer Esterification. The mechanism in figure 1 was to combined 4-aminobenzoic acid and ethanol in a reflux reaction with the addition of sulphuric acid as a catalyst to produce the product. Figure 1 Method: In week one of the experiment, 4-aminobenzoic acid (3.0g), methylated spirits (20cm3) and concentrated sulphuric acid (3.0ml) was added to a dry round bottom flask (100cm3). A condenser was then placed onto the flask. Next, the mixture was placed on a heating mantle and the reflux reaction was carried out for thirty minutes. Afterwards, the reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature and the condenser was removed. The mixture was gently stirred with a glass rod while sodium hydroxide solution 20 % (20cm3) was added slowly until the mixture has reached neutral using strips of pH paper. Subsequently, pour the contents into a beaker containing 70cm3 of ice and rinse the flask with fresh distilled water into the beaker until the capacity is 150cm3. A Buchner funnel was then used in vacuum filtration to isolate the product. Lastly the product was transferred to a watch glass and dried in the oven for 15 minutes. In week two the experiment was repeated, conversely, isoprop yl alcohol was used instead of methylated spirits. Results: Percentage Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) x 100 1st week’s percentage yield C7H7NO2= 127 + 7 + 14 + 32= 137g/mol C2H5OH= 24 + 5 + 16 + 1= 46 g/mol C9H11NO2= 108 + 11 + 14 + 32 = 165g/mol 1st step: 3g divide 137 g/mol = 0.0219mol à ¯Ã†â€™Ã… ¸ limiting reagent 2nd step: 0.789g/ml of methylated spirit x 20ml (used) = 15.78g 3rd step: 15.78g divide 46g/mol = 0.343mol 4th step: 0.0219mol x 165g/mol = 3.6135g theoretical mass of benzocaine First week’s product mass (benzocaine): 2.28grams Percentage yield: 2.28g/3.6135g= 0.63 x 100 = 63% 2nd week’s percentage yield C7H7NO2= 127 + 7 + 14 + 32 = 137g/mol C2H5OH= 24 + 5 + 16 + 1= 46g/mol C10H13NO2= 179g/mol 1st step: 3g divide 137g/mol= 0.0219mol à ¯Ã†â€™Ã… ¸ limiting reagent 2nd step: 0.786g/ml of Isopropyl alcohol x 20ml (used) = 15.72g 3rd step: 15.72g divide 46g/mol = 0.342mol 4th step: 0.0219mol x 179g/mol = 3.92g theoretical mass of Isopropyl 4-aminobenzoate Second week’s product mass (Isopropyl 4-aminobenzoate): 0.29grams Percentage yield: 0.29g/3.92g= 7.4% Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (benzocaine) first week’s product Experiment melting point: 92-96 degrees Celsius Reference melting point: 80-90 degrees Celsius Isopropyl 4-aminobenzoate second week’s product Experiment melting point: 83-85 degrees Celsius Reference melting point: 84 degrees Celsius 13Carbon-NMR4-aminobenzoic acid: Benzocaine: H-NMR 4-aminobenzoic acid: Benzocaine: Infrared Analysis (Benzocaine) Week 1 product: (Isopropyl 4-aminobenzoate) Week 2 product: DEPT-135 NMR 4-aminobenzoic acid Benzocaine Discussion of results: In the experiment, the final appearance of both products appears to be crystalline like powders after drying them in the oven. The first product (benzocaine) melting point appears to be 92-96 degrees Celsius and compare to the theoretical value, it was considered high. Conversely, the second product (isopropyl 4-aminobenzoic acid) melting point was 83-85 degrees Celsius and compare to the theoretical value, it was within the range. Due to the fact that the first product has a higher melting point, it is considered that sample was heated too fast using the heating apparatus or the period the product was in the oven may have been too short therefore excess water are trapped in the product causing extra hydrogen bonding in the molecule, hence higher energy was needed to break the bonds. Melting point accuracy depicts purity of the product therefore the shorter the range of melting point implies a productive synthesis. Furthermore, the mass was obtained as the actual yield from benzocaine and isopropyl 4-aminobenzoate to calculate the percentage yield. The theoretical yield of benzocaine was 3.6135grams and the mass obtained in the experiment was 2.28grams, giving a percentage yield of 63 %. This is a high percentage yield, representing a productive synthesis. Conversely, in the second experiment the theoretical yield was 3.92 grams and the mass obtained in the experiment was 0.29grams, giving a percentage yield of 7.4 %. This is a relatively low yield, representing a poor synthesis. This failure synthesis may have been due to several errors including inaccurate instrumental handling techniques, loss of product due to several transferences, inaccurate measurement of resources, and not scraping the entire product out of the Buchner funnel. (4-aminobenzoic acid) (Benzocaine) In H-NMR, 4-aminobenzoic acid and benzocaine was identified. By looking at 4-aminobenzoic acid, there were 5 distinct peaks representing 5 distinct proton atmospheres available in the molecule. However the structure of benzocaine, the H-NMR identifies 6 distinct peaks representing 6 distinct proton atmospheres. By observing the peaks in the both molecules, similar singlet peaks were found. The singlet peak for 4-aminobenzoic acid was 5.7747ppm and benzocaine was 4.0609ppm.Both singlet groups were considered amine groups since the 2 hydrogen connected to the nitrogen (pink) creates the same environment therefore only 1 peak was found. In both molecules, the amine group is considered as an electron donating group since it shields the hydrogen on the adjacent carbons (blue) in the aromatic ring. This shielding causes the hydrogen on the adjacent carbons (blue) to have a lower chemical shift in the spectrum than the hydrogen on the other carbons (red) in the aromatic ring. Furthermore, the hydrogen on the other carbons (red) has a higher chemical shift due to the close distance with the carbonyl group. The carbonyl group is electronegative therefore shifting them at a lower magnetic field. There is a distinct peak appeared in 4-aminobenzoic acid spectrum, showing a chemical shift of 12 ppm which is considered to be part of the hydrogen of the –COOH (light blue). As benzocaine has a longer chain compared to 4-aminobenzoic acid, further observation was needed. In benzocaine a peak was found at about 4.2907ppm-4.3441ppm and has a splitting pattern of quartet. A quartet shows that it had 3 adjacent hydrogen atoms therefore it is related to CH2 (green). Furthermore, another peak was found at about 1.3447ppm-1.3804ppm and has a splitting pattern of triplet. A triplet shows that it had 2 adjacent hydrogen atoms therefore it is related to CH3. Since the carbon of CH2 is closer to the oxygen comparing to CH3 therefore it is more de-shielded causing it to be found at a lower magnetic field. Lastly, there were distinct peaks seen in the spectrum for solvent in benzocaine and 4-aminobenzoic acid. In 4-aminobenzoic acid H-NMR, a peak was found at about 2.4630ppm-2.4676ppm and was found to be the solvent DMSO. In benzocaine, a singlet peak was found at 7.2626pm and was found to be the solvent chloroform. In 13Carbon-NMR, the 4-aminobenzoic acid spectrum has 5 peaks representing 5 distinct carbon atmospheres and benzocaine has 7 peaks representing 7 distinct carbon atmospheres. The peaks are at about 165ppm-168ppm for both molecules represents the occurrence of the carbonyl group (C=O). Furthermore, the solvents were seen on both spectrums. One of 4-aminobenzoic acid’s peaks was at 40.1326ppm which represents DMSO, and benzocaine’s peak was at 77.1052 which represent Chloroform. In the DEPT-135 NMR (Distortionless Enhancement by Polarisation Transfer), it only exemplifies the occurrence between three kinds of carbon groups, (-CH), (-CH2) and (-CH3). (-CH) and (-CH3) carbons are identified through the positive peaks whereas (-CH2) is identified through the negative peaks on the spectrum. By looking at the 4-aminobenzoic acid spectrum, there are two positive peaks representing those are either (-CH) or (-CH3) carbon groups. In the benzocaine spectrum, the occurrence of (-CH) and (-CH3) carbon groups was identified via the positive peaks. However a negative peak was also identified representing a (-CH2) carbon group has occurred in the spectrum. The Infrared spectroscopy is useful for analysing the occurrence of different functional groups of the chemical structures such as benzocaine and isopropyl 4-aminobenzoate. By analysing both products, absorption peaks at about 3361cm-1-3457cm-1 on the spectrum were seen at both products. It was considered that the occurrence of the amine group (N-H) was located at the region. Furthermore looking at the structures of both products, the amine group was connected to carbon with the peaks at about 1308.72cm-1-1365.61cm-1 of the spectrum, which represents a C-N bond found in aromatic amine groups. Additionally, looking at the absorption peaks at about 1441.17cm-1-1441.98cm-1 between the two products, it is considered as the aromatic ring (benzene). Moving through the benzene ring, the spectrum shows the occurrence of the carbonyl group (C=O) that is part of ester group in both products. The absorption peaks measured was about 2824.37cm-1-2983.54cm-1. The carbonyl group of two products were also connected with a C-O bond which is part of the ester group. The peaks measured were 1167.10cm-1-1168.85cm-1 in both products. Conclusion: This experiment was considered failure in terms of the weight of the products. It is time-dependent to obtain more accurate yields and handling techniques. Although the melting points were not varied critically, the first product (benzocaine) was not able to achieve a pure product due to high melting point. Although this experiment was considered failure, we still achieved to synthesize 4-aminobenzoic acid to benzocaine and its derivative (isopropyl 4-aminobenzoic acid). Why do you think the pH of 8 cannot be exceeded in this experiment? In the experiment, the reactants carboxylic acid (4-aminobenzoic acid) and ethanol were used to synthesize esters (benzocaine, isopropyl 4-aminobenzoic acid) and water molecules as leaving group. The Fischer Esterification reaction mainly functions at pH less than 8. However, increasing the alkalinity atmosphere in this experiment implies the occurrence of additional –OH (hydroxide ions) in the reaction. The additional hydroxide ions could cause the reaction to reverse, making the reactants to be more favourable and fewer products will be form. As mentioned, Fischer Esterification usually functions at pH less than 8. However, increasing the alkalinity environment would cause the reaction saponification to dominate since the reaction is reversed. How do you expect the Rf value if you have been asked to the synthesize the butyl and pentyl derivatives? By synthesizing the butyl and pentyl derivatives the Rf value would differ since the polarity with the molecular structure is different. I assumed that the butyl and pentyl derivatives that were made could cause Rf value decreases as the alkyl chain increases. As the chain increases the polarity drops therefore the Rf value decreases. Reference: R. Milnard. The preparation of the local Anesthetic, Benzocaine, by an Esterification Reaction [Internet]. 2006 [updated 2006 October 18; cited 2014 March 7]. Available from: http://courses.chem.psu.edu/chem36/SynFa06Web/Expt86.pdf Cerner Multum Inc. Benzocaine Topical [Internet]. 2013 [updated 2013 May 15; cited 2014 March 7]. Available from: http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/benzocaine-topical Clark Jim. Interpreting C-13 NMR Spectra? [Internet]. 2007 [updated 2007; cited 2014 March 7]. Available from: http://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/nmr/interpretc13.html Clark Jim. The mechanism for the esterification reaction [Internet]. 2002 [updated 2004; cited 2014 March 7]. Available from: http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/catalysis/esterify.html

Computer Addiction

Study Computer games have been leisure most in secondary level students. Students who are addicted to computer games, most all of them do not attend their classes just to play with their friends or classmates. Students who don't still know how to play computer games that who are willing to know In playing computer games can be easily addicted to it and some do not do their dally tasks anymore. Many students have no good educational background because they don't focus on their studies. Some computer addict are undergraduates and don't want to go to school anymore.Because of this, computer shops prohibited elementary and high school students to go inside the shops. Some students who are in last year of high school have previous experiences that the regret towards being addicted to computer games, since that they will not graduate If they don't want to attend to school anymore. Statement of the Problem This study aims to determine the Effect of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year students. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions: 1 . What are the effects of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year students studies? 2.What are the effects of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year students health? 3. What are the reasons why IBIS 2nd year students addicted to computer games? Objectives The study has the following objectives: 1. To know the effects of Computer Games to IBIS 2nd year of Tarmac College of Agriculture students studies. 2. To know the effects of computer Games to IBIS 2nd year of Tarmac college of Agriculture students health. 3. To know the reasons why IBIS 2nd year of Tarmac College of Agriculture students addicted to computer games. Time and Place The study will be conducted at the researchers room In IT b, Institute ofEngineering, Tarmac College of Agriculture, Canalling, Tarmac, from September to October. Scope and Delimitation's The study will be focus and limited only to the effects of computer games to IBIS 2nd year students of Tarmac College of Agr iculture. Computer Games are game played using a computer, typically a video game. Addiction the fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity. Computer Games Addiction the condition of being addicted to computer games. Hypothesis Students suffer to their studies because of addiction of computer games. Computer Addiction Computer addiction, a loosely used term with Internet Addiction, or Video game addiction, is the excessive or compulsive use of computers to the extent that it interferes with daily life. This disorder may affect the following: social interaction, mood, personality, work ethic, relationships, thought process. It may also cause social disorders or possibly sleep deprivation. It is important to note that as of now, psychologists are not sure how to label this disorder. Many refer to it as Internet Addiction Disorder; however, computer addiction originated long before internet use is as common as it is today. In addition, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has yet to recognize this exact disorder, and are more likely to include a more specific term of addiction, such as Internet Addiction, or Video game addiction. Some people develop bad habits in their computer use that cause them significant problems in their lives. The types of behavior and negative consequences are similar to those of known addictive disorders; therefore, the term Computer or Internet Addiction has come into use. While anyone who uses a computer could be vulnerable, those people who are lonely, shy, easily bored, or suffering from another addiction or impulse control disorder as especially vulnerable to computer abuse. Computer abuse can result from people using it repeatedly as their main stress reliever, instead of having a variety of ways to cope with negative events and feelings. Other misuses can include procrastination from undesirable responsibilities, distraction from being upset, and attempts to meet needs for companionship and belonging.

A Deadly Mistake Uncovered on Sample Opinion Essay Topics and How to Avoid It

A Deadly Mistake Uncovered on Sample Opinion Essay Topics and How to Avoid It How to Choose Sample Opinion Essay Topics If you need an example written by means of a student check out our vast assortment of absolutely free student models. Students ought to be permitted to pray in school. School tests aren't powerful. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory over a particular age. Make certain you are aware of what the distinctive qualities of an argumentative essay are. To put it differently, the essay should say how you intend to get ready for class. So you are assigned with a persuasive essay but you need no clue what it appears like. Essays term papers dissertations and a lot more. These IELTS sample essays are categorised in a manner that makes it simple for you to observe how certain essay question types require that you present certain responses to be sure the question is totally answered. There are some easy guidelines to follow as a way to be in a position to compose a decent persuasive essay. You have to have skills to compose a great essay. If you are feeling confident about your essay-writing abilities, you can surely branch out into longer and more intricate essays. Kids ought to be able to vote. Parents should speak to kids about drugs at a youthful age. Children need to be able to use cellphones in school. They should be required to read more. Things You Won't Like About Sample Opinion Essay Topics and Things You Will Year round school isn't a good idea. It is crucial to protect against the kids from the dust in the home. The school day ought to be shorter. Some feel parents ought to be allowed to provide permission for their minor chil dren to acquire tattoos, since they are making the decision for their own children. There are invariably a wide variety of opinions on the field of technology, and here are our favourite things to consider on the subject. The advice below act as a handy guide whenever you're writing your opinion essay. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go straight to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. It is going to also be a lot simpler to write about a topic you're passionate about. Facts, ultimately, will always win out against how folks are feeling at a specific moment. Before students begin to write, it is a fantastic idea for them to earn a list of the points they wish to make to their readers. Racial slurs ought to be illegal. Read lots of chekhov persuasive. If you are a newcomer to argumentative essay writing, it is far better to pick an effortless topic. To start with, your motivation for a writer is affected by the essay topic you op t for. The ESL essay ought to be grammatically accurate. You can search for a persuasive essay example and utilize it like a guide in writing of own essay. There are lots of aspects about a sport which can be argued in an essay. To locate argumentative essay topics easy on various platforms, you will need to comprehend about the argumentative essay. You must be very careful when choosing an essay topic. Try out a few of these topics. School should happen in the evenings. MP3 music needs to be free. Your kid was requested to compose an essay as part of a school project, or as a sort of essay contests for children, and you might find it hard to think of persuasive essay topics. Persuade your teacher to provide the class a reward for work well done. To appear beautiful, you should be feeling fresh. Sometimes, it's a great idea in order to add something funny to your argumentative essay. Despite the fact that the span of the topic will mostly depend on the duration of an essay you're going to write, it is is still a good idea to choose one definite question and adhere to it in your work. In the end, make certain that the topic you decide on can be supported by some factual evidence. Sample Opinion Essay Topics Help! When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the most significant point to do is to select a topic and an argument that you could really get behind. For instance, you ought to keep the readers in mind as you select arguments to back up your position. An excellent conclusion can summarize the principal points of the essay in a couple of sentences. An important point of earning a convincing argument is to obey a logical structure. The direction you formulate your argument heavily is based on the essay type. Each opinion has to be backed by three or more facts or parts of evidence to support it. Give arguments to back up your opinion. Give reasons and examples to back up your opinion. There's, naturally, a limit on the range of pages even our finest writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but usually, we figure out how to satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. Creative Essay writing is currently recognized among the most useful activity for kids for their general personality development. They are simple to write and place your assignment on a firm footing, as they enable you to say in rather clear language, exactly what your paper is all about just what you're setting out to investigate. It is not important to us, whether you're too busy on the job concentrating on a passion undertaking, or simply tired of a seemingly infinite stream of assignments. Essays are not difficult to writet hey all follow the exact structurewhich I will demonstrate in an instant. Smoking ought to be banned for everyone. Cigarettes need to be more expensive.

The Day Labor Market in Phoenix, Arizona Essay - 3061 Words

The Day Labor Market in Phoenix, Arizona Introduction This paper focuses on the Macehualli Day Labor Union located in Phoenix, Arizona in the 85032 area. Throughout the history of the United States, illegal immigrants have come from all over the world to find work and a better way of life. It is estimated that right now there are about seven million illegal aliens living in America. About 69% of these illegal immigrants are Mexican and over 283,000 of them live in Arizona1. In this paper, we presuppose that the illegal aliens we refer to are Mexican. This is because the aliens living in the geographic area around the day labor center we examine are over 99% Mexican (Reza, 2003, personal interview). Many Mexicans risk†¦show more content†¦Background of Day Labor 3 These circumstances have lead to the reemergence of a concept that has existed for a long time: day labor. Day labor used to be geared more towards American citizens looking for temporary jobs, but has now taken a new turn in order to fit the necessities of illegal workers. Day labor is defined as â€Å"a practice of searching for work in open air, informal markets such as street corners or in formal temp agencies† (â€Å"Work,† 307). Under this type of labor, the undocumented immigrant is considered an independent contractor or a temporary domestic worker, and therefore employers are not obliged to ask for work authorization (â€Å"Work,† 325). Day labor is extremely beneficial to aliens in that it allows immigrants to enter the work force without being required to have legal immigration status. There are two types of day labor industries: informal and formal. Informal day labor consists mostly of men gathering on street corners or parking lots to solicit work. It is considered informal because it is in no way regulated. 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